CHAPTER 02: VALUES, BELIEFS, AND CARING MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Enduring ideas about what a person considers is desirable or has worth in life is known as a: a. value. b. first-order belief c. higher order belief d. stereotype ANS: A Values are enduring ideas about what a person considers is the good, the best, and the “right” thing to do and their opposites—the bad, worst, and wrong things to do—and about what is desirable or has worth in life. First-order beliefs serve as the foundation or the basis of an individual’s belief system. Higher-order beliefs are ideas derived from a person’s first-order beliefs, inductive, or syllogistic reasoning. A stereotype is a belief about a person, a group, or an event that is thought to be typical of all others in that category. DIF: Remembering REF: pp. 22-23 OBJ: 2.1 TOP: Assessment MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care NOT: Concepts: Professionalism 2. A group of students are discussing the history of nursing. A student states, “Yea, nurses used to be called the doctor’s handmaiden.” This type of comment is known as a: a. prejudice. b. generalization. c. stereotype. d. belief. ANS: C A stereotype is a belief about a person, a group, or an event that is thought to be typical of all others in that category. A prejudice is a preformed opinion, usually an unfavorable one, about an entire group of people that is based on insufficient knowledge, irrational feelings, or inaccurate stereotypes. In the process of learning, people form generalizations (general statements or ideas about people or things) to relate new information to what is already known and to categorize the new information, making it easier to remember or understand. A belief is a mental representation of reality or a person’s perceptions about what is right (correct), true, or real, or what the person expects to happen in a given situation. DIF: Understanding REF: pp. 22-23 OBJ: 2.2 TOP: Evaluation
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