Pollard: Cell Biology, 3rd Edition Test Bank Chapter 1: Introduction to Cells 1. About what time did the common ancestor of all life on earth live? a. 3 to 4 thousand years ago b.3 to 4 million years ago c. 3 to 4 billion years ago d.3 to 4 trillion years ago Ans: C The common ancestor lived a relatively short time after the planet formed (4.5 billion years ago). 2. What are the four nucleotides that comprise DNA? a. Adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine b.Adenine, cytosine, guano, and thymine c. Adenine, cytoproct, guanide, and thymine d.Adenine, cytosine, guanyin, and thymine Ans: A All nucleotides end in “ine.” 3. What enzymes transcribe DNA into RNA? a. RNA transcribases b.RNAases c. RNA polymerases d.RNA transcriptases Ans: C RNA polymerases form polymers of RNA using DNA as templates. 4. Which of the following best describes the ribosome? a. Bodies found in blackcurrants b.Bodies that translate mRNA into polypeptides c. Enzymes that break down proteins d.Enzymes that break down sugars Ans: B Ribosomes use mRNA as templates to synthesize polypeptides. 5. Cellular membranes are composed of which of the following? a. Only proteins b.Proteins and lipids in bilayers c. Proteins and lipid in monolayers d.Only bilayers of lipids
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