SOLE Chapter 16: Acute Kidney Injury TEST BANK

A 100-kg patient gets hemodialysis 3 days a week. In planning the care for this patient, the nurse recommends a. a diet of 2500 to 3500 kcal per day. b. protein intake of less than 50 grams per day. c. potassium intake of 10 mEq per day. d. fluid intake of less than 500 mL per day. - ANS: A Nutritional recommendations include the following: caloric intake of 25 to 35 kcal/kg of ideal body weight per day (2500 to 3500 kcal) and protein intake of no less than 0.8 g/kg body weight. Patients who are extremely catabolic such as those on hemodialysis should receive protein in the amount of 1.5 to 2 g/kg of ideal body weight per day, 75% to 80% of which contains all the required essential amino acids; sodium intake of 0.5 to 1.0 g/day; potassium intake of 20 to 50 mEq/day; calcium intake of 800 to 1200 mg/day; fluid intake equal to the volume of the patient's urine output plus an additional 600 to 1000 mL/day. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply/Application REF: p. 431 OBJ: Develop a plan of care for the patient with acute kidney injury. TOP: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity A normal glomerular filtration rate is a. less than 80 mL/min. b. 80 to 125 mL/min. c. 125 to 180 mL/min. d. more than 189 mL/min. - ANS: B At a normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 80 to 125 mL/min, the kidneys produce 180 L/day of filtrate. As the filtrate passes through the various components of the nephrons' tubules, 99% is reabsorbed into the peritubular capillaries or vasa recta. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember/Knowledge REF: p. 448 OBJ: Review the anatomy and physiology of the renal system. TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity A normal urine output is considered to be