"Natural" Does Not Always Mean Safer - ◦ Some active chemicals are the same as in prescription and OTC medications ◦ Substituting alternative therapy for established medical treatment may prolong condition ** Oral Drugs Enter Hepatic Portal Circulation (First-Pass Effect) - 1. Drug is absorbed 2. Drug enters hepatic circulation, goes to liver 3. Drug is metabolized to inactive form 4. Drug conjugates and leaves liver 5. Drug is distributed to general circulation 6. Many drugs are rendered inactive by first-pass effect ac - before meals ad lib - as desired/as directed Addiction - The overwhelming feeling that drives someone to use a drug repeated Agonist - a molecule that, by binding to a receptor site, stimulates a response Allergic Reactions - a condition caused by an overreaction of the body's immune system AM - morning Anaphylaxis - Life threatening allergic reaction Antagonist - competes with the agonists for binding at receptor site Assessment of the Patient - 1. Systematic collection, organization, validation, and documentation of patient data 2. Health history and physical assessment 3. Baseline data gathered; will be compared to later information from observations 4. Once pharmacotherapy is initiated, assessment focuses on reaction to medication. Watch for: desired response, adverse effects, patient capability of assuming responsibility for self-administration bid - twice a day
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